World wars

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Image - Second World War: the Soviet offensive on Berlin in 1944.

Image - First World War: movement of troops and refugees.

World wars [світові війни; svitovi viiny]. Two major international conflicts that punctuated 20th-century history and entailed unprecedented destruction and sociopolitical upheaval. Dozens of countries participated in each of the world wars, but the principal belligerents were as follows: in the First World War (1914–18), the Entente (Great Britain, France, Russian Empire), which was joined by the United States of America in 1917, and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria); in the Second World War (1939–45), the Allies (England, France; joined by the USSR and the United States in 1941) and the Axis (Germany, Italy, Japan). Both wars profoundly affected Ukraine.

(See also History of Ukraine.)

John-Paul Himka

[This article originally appeared in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 5 (1993).]

List of related links from Encyclopedia of Ukraine pointing to World wars entry:

1 Agricultural education 2 Agricultural scientific research institutions 3 Belgium 4 Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi 5 Book publishing 6 Brazil 7 Brest oblast 8 Bucharest 9 Clergy 10 Cracow 11 Cuba 12 Dnister River 13 Donetsk 14 Emigration 15 Folk customs and rites 16 Forest 17 Galicia 18 Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute 19 History of the Ukrainian church 20 History of Ukraine

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