Vocational-technical education

Vocational-technical education (професійно-технічна освіта; profesiino-tekhnichna osvita). An educational network of programs for the training of the work force and for the upgrading of its skills, established during the Soviet period. Vocational-technical education is provided in vocational-technical schools, tekhnikums, technical schools, and institutions offering secondary special education. There are also numerous schools and courses organized at the enterprise level which provide on-the-job training. Instruction at the individual brigade level is also widely practiced. Some 8.6 million workers and white-collar staff received training at the enterprise or collective farm to upgrade their qualifications. (See also Professional and vocational education.)

[This article originally appeared in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 5 (1993).]