Chervona Kalyna

Chervona Kalyna (Червона Калина; Red Viburnum). A publishing co-operative founded in 1921 in Lviv by former members of the Ukrainian Sich Riflemen and the Ukrainian Galician Army for the purpose of collecting and publishing materials, documents, and memoirs about the Ukrainian struggle for independence (1917–21). The board of directors was chaired by Stepan Shukhevych, the president of the publishing house was Osyp Navrotsky, and the members of the executive were Mykhailo Matchak, Petro Postoliuk, Ivan Tyktor, and Lev Lepky. Its membership grew from 103 in 1921 to over 1,000 by 1939.

Chervona Kalyna published the annual Istorychnyi kalendar-al'manakh Chervonoï kalyny (1921–39, 18 issues, eds Osyp Navrotsky, Lev Lepky, and, from 1937, Ivan Ivanets) and the monthly journal Litopys Chervonoï kalyny (October 1929 to July-August 1939, eds Vasyl Levytsky-Sofroniv and L. Lepky). Both periodicals were devoted to Ukrainian military history, in particular to the period 1914–21, and contained valuable bibliographies (contributed by K. Kupchanko, I. Shendryk, and others) and a wealth of photographs. Articles on the Princely era and the Cossack period also appeared, contributed by such authors as Mykola Andrusiak, Mykhailo Antonovych, Mykola Holubets, Teofil Kostruba, Ivan Krypiakevych, Ihor Losky, and Volodymyr Sichynsky. In a period of 18 years Chervona Kalyna published about 80 titles. Belles lettres on military themes included Oles Babii’s Hutsul's'kyi kurin' (The Hutsul Battalion), Ya. Vilshenko’s (pseudonym of Antin Lototsky) Zhyttia i pryhody Tsiapky Skoropada (The Life and Adventures of Tsiapka Skoropad), Fedir Dudko’s trilogy V zahravi (In the Red Glow), Roman Kupchynsky’s trilogy Zametil' (The Snowstorm), works by M. Brylynsky, Bohdan Lepky, Vasyl Levytsky-Sofroniv, V. Lopushansky, Mykola Matiiv-Melnyk, and Yurii Shkrumeliak, and the historical works of Elie Borschak (about Ivan Mazepa, Hryhor Orlyk, and Napoleon Bonaparte and Ukraine).

A large number of memoirs were also published, including those by Mykola Halahan, Vsevolod. Petriv, Stepan Shukhevych, Dmytro Doroshenko, I. Maksymchuk, and Yevhen Chykalenko; Kost Levytsky’s Velykyi zryv (The Great Upheaval): Hans Koch’s Dohovir z Denikinom (The Treaty with Denikin); V. Yurchenko’s Shliakhamy na Solovky (Along the Roads to the Solovets Islands) and Peklo na zemli (Hell on Earth); Antin Krezub’s (pseudonym of Osyp Dumin) Partyzany (The Partisans); and Olena Stepaniv’s Na peredodni velykykh podii (On the Eve of Momentous Events). Several historical monographs were published by Chervona Kalyna: Beresteis'kyi myr (The Peace Treaty of Brest-Litovsk) and Zoloti vorota (The Golden Gate), both edited by Ivan Kedryn; Osyp Dumin’s Istoriia Legionu USS, 1914–1918 (The History of the Legion of the Ukrainian Sich Riflemen, 1914–1918) and, under the pseudonym Antin Krezub, Narys istoriï ukraïns'ko-pol's'koï viiny (An Outline of the History of the Ukrainian-Polish War); and Oleksa Kuzma’s Lystopadovi dni 1918 r. (The November Days of 1918).

Two albums rich in photographic materials came out—Ukraïns'ki Sichovi Stril'tsi, 1914–1920 (The Ukrainian Sich Riflemen, 1914–1920, ed B. Hnatevych) and Pam’iati vozhdia (In Memory of the Leader, dedicated to Gen Myron Tarnavsky, ed Volodymyr Lasovsky). The musical heritage of the Ukrainian soldiers (ie, songs of the Ukrainian Sich Riflemen) was preserved in two published song collections—Surma (The Bugle) and Velykyi spivanyk Chervonoï Kalyny (The Great Songbook of Chervona Kalyna, ed Zinovii Lysko). The publications of Chervona Kalyna played an important role in fostering the traditions of the Ukrainian liberation struggle and the ideals of political independence among the public in Western Ukraine. After being closed by the Soviets in 1939 in Lviv, the publishing house was restored in New York in 1949 as a result of the efforts of Petro Postoliuk, who served as its president until September 1978. The following individuals have served as chairmen of the board of directors in the United States of America: Volodymyr Galan, I. Porytko, and Yaroslav Rak. Kh. Navrotska, R. Danyliuk, V. Onyshkevych, S. Shuhan, O. Slupchynsky, R. Haietsky, and L. Pryshliak were members of the executive and active members of the enterprise. Roman Kupchynsky, Stepan Ripetsky, Luka Lutsiv, Mykhailo Ostroverkha, and Ivan Kedryn belonged to the editorial committee. Chervona Kalyna had published 22 works in the United States by 1981, including Oleksander Udovychenko’s Tretia Zalizna Dyviziia (The Third Iron Division; about the Third Iron Rifle Division of the Army of the Ukrainian National Republic), Volodymyr Galan’s Bateriia smerty (The Death Battery), Mykhailo Lozynsky’s Halychyna v rokakh 1918–1920 (Galicia in the Years 1918–1920), and second editions of Oleksa Kuzma’s Lystopadovi dni, Elie Borschak’s Hryhor Orlyk, and the album Ukraïns'ki Sichovi Stril’tsi (Ukrainian Sich Riflemen).

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Shankovs'kyi, Lev ‘Narys ukraïns'koï voiennoï istoriohrafiï,’ Ukraïns'kyi istoryk, 1973, nos 3–4; 1974, nos 1–3; 1975, nos 1–2

 Ivan Kedryn-Rudnytsky, Osyp Navrotsky

[This article originally appeared in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 1 (1984).]